WG/Strategies/Ideas/Campaign Finance Legislation

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Massachusetts

Proposed Laws

Vermont and Washington have already proposed legislation calling Congress to pass an amendment to counter the Citizens United ruling, a route described below under the heading "Federal."  Vermont's proposed bill states:

• "Resolved...that the General Assembly urges Congress to propose an amendment to the United States Constitution for states' consideration which provides that corporations are not persons under the laws of the United States or any of its jurisdictional subdivisions...."

Rhode Island proposed a resolution calling for a Constitutional Convention "to consider amendments to reverse the Supreme Court's decision" and limited to considering amendments referenced by at least 40% of the states (to avoid a runaway convention.)

None of these bills specify wording for the actual amendment, which is up to Congress or the Convention.

 

• H01985

Disclosure. This bill requires corporations to notify their shareholders when making independent expenditures. The top five individuals or entities that donated must say their names and addresses during the advertisement. Bans foreign entities from making expenditures.

• S0304

Senate Bill 304 will address the problems created by the Supreme Court’s decision in Citizens United v. FEC by requiring new levels of disclosure and transparency for corporate political spending and prohibiting foreign corporations from influencing elections in Massachusetts.

• S00305

Senate Bill 305 would require corporations spending general treasury funds on political advertisements to notify shareholders of those expenditures in quarterly reports. Additionally, this bill would require corporate managers to get approval from their board of directors prior to spending general treasury funds on political ads. This bill was heard by the Joint Committee on Election Laws on October 19, after being referred to the committee in January, 2011. The next step for this bill is for the committee chairman Michael Moran (representing Brookline & Brighton) to call a vote to release it to the House floor. The Senate would also have to act in this process.

• S00308

Senate Bill 308 would establish an optional public matching campaign finance system for state legislature candidates, reducing the burden of time they must spend fund-raising, and helping ensure that elected officials are politically indebted to the people rather than to big-dollar donors.

• S00317

This bill prohibits public employees from soliciting or receiving gifts while in service.

• S0322

This bill requires disclosure from candidates on expenditures related to issue-specific electioneering communications.

• S01577

Senate Bill 1577 would reduce the influence of special interest money through campaign finance restrictions which eliminate "pay to play" opportunities for two key groups with business before the state: lobbyists and state contractors.

• H01974

This bill sets limits on individual contributions made to candidates and political parties, but not ballot questions.

• S00772

Senate Bill 772, introduced by Sen. Jamie Eldridge (Shirley, Ayer) would call for the US Congress to initiate a Constitutional Amendment "to restore the First Amendment and fair elections to the people."  This is intended to counteract the Supreme Court's decision in Citizens United v. FEC that allowed corporations to spend unlimited amounts on political campaigns. 

 

Other Reforms to Think About

Insider Trading Prevent elected officials and public employees from using their position to trade on insider information. "Throw Them All Out" is a new book illustrating this problem. Congress should have to follow the same rules as Martha Stewart and everyone else.

Anti Lobbying Laws Occupy LA influencedthe passing of a bill which prohibits lobbyists from doing business on public property.

No Bail Out Money Suggested by Matt Tahibi of Rolling Stone: if your corporation received a bail put or any kind of government assistance you are not allowed to turn around and use that money to lobby Congress.

No Special Benefits Congress should not receive any benefits that aren't available to the general public. If we don't have a public health care option, neither should they

Post Service Employment Prohibit elected officials and public servants from taking jobs in industries they are supposed to be regulating for four years after their last day in office.

Existing Laws

Massachusetts Office of Campaign & Political Finance

Massachusetts has a public financing system that I do not entirely understand.

Massachusetts Campaign Finance Law

A pdf of contribution limits: File:Contribution table.pdf

Scn 55:6A limits Political Action Committee contributions to candidates as follows:

• governor $150,000;
• lieutenant governor $31,250;
• attorney general $62,500;
• state secretary, treasurer or auditor $37,500;
• state senator & various others $18,750;
• state representative $7,500.

Scn 55:7 puts similar restrictions on loans that a candidate may make to his/her candidate committee.  It also limits donations by individuals to $500/year to each candidate (or $25/year for a donor less than 18 years old,) adding up to less than $12,500 in one year to all candidates.  There is no limit on an individual's contribution to ballot question committees.

Scn 55:8 prohibits campaign or political contributions by businesses or majority stockholders in listed industries that might benefit from state actions.  Media offering free time to one candidate must make equivalent time available to competing candidates.

Scn 55:18G requires radio, TV or internet campaign advertising to disclose who paid for the announcement.  Violation is punishable for $10,000 fine and/or a year in prison.

Scn 55:22 requires reporting of all contributions to affect the vote on "any question submitted to the voters," except by qualified political committees. 

Federal

Proposed Laws

Article V of the U.S. Constitution defines two routes for amending the Constitution:

1. Congress passes an amendment by a 2/3 majority and then sends it to the states for ratification;
2. 2/3 of the states call for a Constitutional Convention.

The result of either option 1 or 2 must then be ratified by 3/4 of the states in order to be enacted.  Altogether, this process can take 7 years to succeed. 

A Constitutional Convention might consider any number of changes that are hard to foresee or control.  Some advisors warn about the uncontrollable risk of a runaway convention and therefore recommend pressing Congress to pass a specific amendment. 

If enough states pass bills calling for Congress to write an amendment, Congress will feel pressured into action.  See the section above on Massachusetts proposed legislation for discussion of this route. 

Overturn Citizens United Constitutional Amendment

Revoke Corporate Personhood Constitutional Amendment

Another Revoke Corporate Personhood Constitutional Amendment