GA/General Assembly
Meeting Times
At 7:00 PM on Sunday, Tuesday, Thursday & Saturday, Occupy Boston gathers for either discussion groups or a General Assembly (GA), its core decision-making body. Additional GAs may be scheduled in the morning, if needed.
Minutes
from previous GAs can be read at: GA Minutes.
Proposals
GA is open to all who want to participate in its defined process, described below. Whether you’re camping with us or just stopping by, your voice is welcome! Everyone’s voice is equal, but we cannot all speak at once so we use a procedure to organize our contributions. To offer ideas for proposals remotely to GA, submit them here: GA Ideas for Proposals.
General Assembly (GA) Process
There are no governing authorities in the General Assembly, but a trained Facilitator directs an established process. Facilitators guide the GA process without imposing their views on the group. Facilitator training is offered regularly for anyone interested in volunteering in this role. Check the calendar or listen for announcements to become a trained facilitator. Trained Floor Monitors may also help participants find the right time in the process to raise their point. More information about the GA process is available through the Facilitators' page and a document at Google D
Consensus Process
Thisis a Facilitator Guide for how to manage an OccupyBoston General Assembly and to conduct the consensus process. The Facilitation Working Group is preparing a proposal to present to the General Assembly with all the details for conducting a General Assembly.
GA Facilitator Roles:
Facilitators - 2
Process Aide -1
Stack Aide - 1
Floor Aides - 4+
Site Monitor - 1
Vibe Monitor - 1 (can be combined with Site Manager, if needed)
Clerk - 1
Timekeeper - 1
Security (from SWG) - 3
Opening Announcements
- Opening Welcome to the General Assembly
- Define the GA
Note:a time and place for occupyboston announcements and proposals, toexercise horizontal democracy, to ensure each voice is heard. Remind GA that by following our process we preserve horizontal democracy and set an example for how our world can operate peacefully. You invite the members of the GA to be as non-violent in their communication as we are
in all of our group action - Script- (to be read or paraphrased, at each GA)
Occupy Boston is a non-violent movement that uses a consensus based, non-hierarchical discussion and decision making process. All of ushave chosen to use this process, to ensure that all of our voices are heard. Please honor that choice tonight.There are no police here to arrest anyone who breaks this process; weare trying to get away from that model. That means the only way we cansucceed and be heard is if every one of us honors each other andrespect the choice that we have made to commit to this process... anddemands that our neighbors do the same. As Facilitators, we are here only to help General Assembly as a groupfollow this process. We cannot enforce anything. We ask that you inthe General Assembly work together to honor this process and protectyour voices.
What this means is that we are asking all of us to learn and use thehand signs instead of interrupting verbally. We are asking you to knowand respect the difference between a point of information or questionwhich needs to be answered immediately, and your opinion, whichbelongs on the individual stack so that we can hear you. We are askingyou to respect your fellow Occupiers by getting on stack, writing downyour points if you need help remembering them, and listening to whateach speaker has to say while you wait your turn to be heard.
When you see or hear someone violating this process, they aredisrespecting our Assembly and our choices. We must understand thatthey are hurting us all and taking away our voices. Please invite themto stop, and help us all return to the process.
Occupy Boston is a movement full of people who want to be heard. Inorder to do that, someone has to listen. We invite you to set anexample for each other and the world tonight and show us all a way tocommunicate that honors all of our voices.
Can I get a temperature check on this?
- Define Working Groups, and invite everyone to find and join a working group (or start their own.)
Note:an opportunity to work on solutions to problems, together with otherOccupiers; refining a proposal in a Working Group consensus process results in better proposals that are easier for the GA to work on and
bring to consensus as a whole. - Invitethe community to participate in Facilitation Working Group and announce meeting times: Mon to Fri @ 5:00 PM, Sat & Sun @ 4:00 &
Location: at Federal Reserve Plaza across Atlantic Avenue from Media Tent. Also announce that the GA & Consensus Guidelines are postedon the Wiki and invite the Assembly to read and comment. - Introduce the evening’s Facilitation Team, or ask them to introduce themselves.
- Review the Agenda:
- Working Group Announcements
- Individual Announcements
- Working Group Proposals
- Individual Proposals
- Individual Stack
- Review Hand Signals
Note: Remind people that these signals are used to streamline non-violent communication and make it easier for all of us to be heard respectfully.- I consent, I like, I feel good about this - hands up fingers wiggling upward
- I’m neutral, I feel so-so - hands flat with fingers wigging forward
- I don’t consent, I don’t like, I feel badly about this - hands down, fingers wigging downward
- Move it along, we hear what you’re saying - roll fists around one another
- Speak louder - with index finger pointing up, move arm up and down
Note:Indicate clearly that the following signals will bring a Floor Managerover to you in order to review your point and put it on a "mini-stack" for bringing to the floor when the current speaker reaches a natural
break - Clarifying Question - put index finger and thumb into ‘c’ shape
Note: define that a CQ is notan opinion. It must be answerable by the proposer(s) - Point of Information - point index finger up
Note: define that a POI is notan opinion. It is a fact relevant to the topic at hand. - Point of Process - place tips of index finger together in horizontal line
Note: define that a POP is notan opinion, it is a reminder to the Facilitators or Speaker about a point of order - Friendly Amendment - “peace” sign
- Block - crossed arms over head
NOTE:Blocks are generally considered to be an extreme measure, only usedwhen a member feels a proposal endangers the organization or its participants and/or the person feels so strongly about her/his position,
s/he will walk away from OccupyBoston.
- Review how Stack works.
- Timekeepermentions that s/he will use the “Move It Along” hand signal, tenseconds before time is up and requests that the GA reproduce the hand
signal so the speaker sees it. - Move to Agenda
What is Consensus
Consensus is a process of nonviolent conflict resolution. The expression of concerns and conflicting ideas is considered desirable and important. When a group creates an atmosphere which nurtures and supports disagreement without hostility and fear, it builds a foundation for stronger, more creative decisions.
DIRECT CONSENSUS- Ask the group or individual to state their/her/his proposal.
- Askthe proposer(s) to stand aside while you direct the Assembly to breakinto pairs, for three to five minutes, to discuss the proposal and to check in with each other to see if either of them have any of the following issues to declare: clarifying questions, points of information, strong concerns or objections, strong support, and amendments. During this time, floor aides are available to be consulted by the pairs, if needed. After the appointed time is up, start the below process. Explain to the Assembly that the pair person who has the issue, lets her/his pair partner call the facilitator’s attention.
- ask if there are any clarifying questions, if so, proposers have the opportunity to answer them,
- ask if there are any points of information,
- ask if there are any strong concerns or objections with the following explanations:
- allow some silent time, the more challenging the topic, the longer silence we will allow to
provide an oportunity for everyone to think and express,
- “before we share concerns, let's remember that in a consensus process, when you
share a concern, it becomes a groupconcern. We will all be responsible for making
sure it's addressed before we vote.”
- ask that concerns & objections be stated with the assumption that the group will attempt
to resolve them,
- we are only listing, not addressing or resolving concerns or objections in this moment,
that process will come later (that is what amendments and the proposer’s consideration
of changes are for,) - ask if there are strong statements of support with the following explanation:
- “the statements of support are directed to the proposer(s), not to anyone who stated a strong objection or concern.” - ask if there are any friendly amendments to address the expressed concerns and objections.
NOTE:during this section (except for part a) there should be no directresponses. People will feel most safe expressing concerns and objections if they know that they will not have to immediately hear rebuttals orideas. The amendments offered are the response to concerns and objections. The time where proposers consider amending their proposal is a way of addressing or resolving concerns and objections. The goal isto keep it non-confrontational and to focus on building solutions together by assuming that every input is a brick in a building and the next input is a brick placed above the foundation all the other bricks already laid.
- ask if there are any clarifying questions, if so, proposers have the opportunity to answer them,
- Give the proposers a moment to consider whether they will address the concerns and objections by doing any of the following:
- explain how any concerns or objections are already addressed,
- withdraw the proposal,
- amend the proposal based on concerns & objections,
- adopt any of the suggested amendments, or
- keep the proposal as is.
move on to asking for consensus until it feels as though all of this is expressed.
- Repeat steps 2 & 3, a second (and final) time :
- ask for clarifying questions
- ask for points of information
- ask for strong objections or concerns
- ask for statements of support
- ask for amendments
- afterallowing the proposer(s) time to reflect ask s/he, them to restate theproposal (whether changed or not), unless they, s/he have decided to
table it.
- Blocking
- Define a block
NOTE:Blocks are generally considered to be an extreme measure, only usedwhen a member feels a proposal “endanger[s] the organization or its participants” (from Wikipedia) and/or the person feels so strongly about her/his position, s/he will walk away from OccupyBoston. NOTE: In some models, the phrase “or violate[s] the Mission of th organization" is included in a definition of a Block, at this point in
OccupyBoston’s growth, a Mission Statement does not yet exist. - Ask if anyone has a block
- If anyone has a block, s/he, them states it aloud to the Assembly
- Ask Assembly if it is a Principled Block (temperature check)
- if75% of assembly confirm that it’s a vaild block (whether they agree with it, or not), then ask how many people want to support the Block.
- if 10% of the people support the Block, the proposal is tabled.
- if less than 10% of the people support the Block, then the proposal can move forward for consent.
- Define a block
- If not blocked, ask “Is this a proposal you can live with?” and ask for a show of hands.
NOTE:Consensus is supposed to be about getting to a decision that everyonecan live with. It doesn’t mean everyone agrees, it means they consent. It’s important that we make the distinction between consent (hence,
consensus) and agreement. - If there is 75% consent, state, “I see consensus, do you see consensus,” i.e., confirm with the Assembly that all see 75% consent, then announce that consensus is reached and the proposal is adopted.
- (If necessary) if there is not consensus, and the proposal is not blocked, you can move to indirect consensus.
INDIRECT CONSENSUS - involves mini-presentations and possible break out groups:- Askthe GA for 3 people who support the proposal and 3 people who oppose it to each speak for 30 seconds to 2 minutes, alternating the supporters and the opposers.
- Ask the Proposer(s) to restate the proposal
- Ask “Is this a proposal you can live with” and ask for a show of hands.
- If consensus is not reached, instruct assembly to break into small discussion groups for 5 minutes to discuss the proposal.
Note:there are different kinds of discussion groups. We can decide to useone or have a menu to choose from based on what the facilitator sees as
most fit - Call participants back to assembly and . . .
- ask if there are any clarifying questions,
- ask if there are any points of information,
- ask if there are any strong concerns or objections with the following explanations:
-we will allow some silent time, the more challenging the topic, thelonger silence we will allow to make room for everyone to think and
express,
- we are only listing, not addressing or resolving concerns or objections in this moment, that process will come later,
- ask that concerns & objections be stated with the assumption that the group will attempt to resolve them - ask if theere are statements of support
- ask if there are any friendly amendments.
- Give the Proposer(s) a moment to consider whether they want to:
- explain how any concerns or objections are already addressed,
- withdraw the proposal,
- amend the proposal based on concerns & objections,
- adopt any of the suggested amendments, or
- keep their proposal as is.
- explain how any concerns or objections are already addressed,
- Instruct the proposers to restate the proposal (whether changed or not).
- Define block and ask if there are any blocks.
- If not blocked, ask “Is this a proposal you can live with?” and get temperature check
- ifconsensus is not reached, you can repeat steps 1-8 or send the proposal back to a working group. (if it was made by an individual, the individual should be directed to work with a working group to reform the
proposal.)
Useful Techniques
People's Mic
The People's Mic serves as amplification when there is no bullhorn or microphone. It is typically begun by someone yelling "Mic check!" Everyone who hears this is expected to reply loudly in unison: "Mic check!" The speaker then dictates a few words at a time, pausing for the crowd to recite each phrase. For large crowds, there may be a second echo of each phrase by those farther out in the group. This is a way to amplify one voice by using many voices together. On top of the fun factor, it has the added benefit of giving people time to make sure they hear and understand what's said.
Temperature Check
To informally assess support for a proposal or idea, the Facilitator may request a "Temperature Check." All GA participants then show agreement by wiggling their fingers in the air ("twinkling") or disagreement by wiggling their fingers pointed down ("squid fingers.") Those who are undecided may wiggle their fingers horizontally, parallel to the ground.