Winterization and Fire Safety

This is the main page for Winterization and Fire Safety issues.

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Emergency Items 10/28

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There are 3 primary concerns for winter:

• People - keeping us warm (clothing, etc.)
• Shelter - needs to be warm and sturdy (resist snow load, wind, etc.)
• Safety - fire and carbon monoxide, snow removal, preventing slipping on ice, etc.

People

Important cold weather practices

Information we need:

• How many people in camp need better warm clothing?
• What do they need? Socks? Undershirts? Pant layers? Shoes? Mittens, hats, etc.?

Clothing Solutions:

• Polypropylene layers under regular clothing. Look for items with a NSN number (military issue). Look for wool and thermals underwear too.
• Waterproof shoes/boots. Wear boots LARGER than your normal size - more room for extra socks, extra space = insulation, ability to move toes and improve circulation.
• Space blankets hooded and regular all weather blankets NASA TECH wind H2O reflect 90%of body heat, 5x7 hooded: Examples here; also emergency blankets and bags

Keeping warm while sitting or lying down:

• Layers of corrugated cardboard, or even newspapers. Wrap in plastic to keep it from getting wet and then frozen.
• Foil bubble home insulation. Regular bubblewrap, even.
• Foam sheets or blocks (styrofoam).

Additional solutions:

• Hot beverages available
• Hot food
• Warming stations .. possibly use the hot manhole covers for a "sauna" room.
• We can also use solar heat gain for daytime comfort. Clear plastic roofs with windbreaking sides make for good comfort on sunny days.

Here is some winter advice from Vinay Gupta who designed the hexayurts. Interesting strategy? [1]

Shelter

Information we need:

• How many people intend to camp through the winter?
• What ordinances do we need to keep in mind?
• What are the costs to build or buy shelters?
• If we are building, do we have enough people to do that?
• What is the process for shelters needing construction?

Concerns:

• Will it hold up in strong winds?
• Will it keep water out, both on top/sides and floor?
• How do we hold tents down - can't drive stakes very deeply in the ground here; can't drive stakes through the paved areas at all.
• City may not allow tents larger than 10x10 without a permit
• Can we provide any kind of safe heat source (don't want open flame)?
• Fire Department does not want open flame - risk of fire, and is concerned about carbon monoxide poisoning as well.

Structure Solutions:

• Floors made with a layer of hay with plywood or tarps over it. This will allow water to flow under the floor. PROBLEM: Hay is a fire hazard.
• Floors made with pallets, with plywood over top. Put tents up on these.
• Large military issue tents - can be used for kitchen, other working groups, group sleeping (need to provide separate sleeping areas based on gender). Could put small tents inside larger tents. Look for NSN number for good, 4-season tents
• Cots - get people off the ground while sleeping. What about hammocks?
• Shelters can be weighted down with sandbags, buckets filled with concrete, containers filled with water.
• Kitchen tent needs to be fully enclosed - not just warmth but to help keep rodents out.
• Little well insulated sleeping pods .. with wheels .. tiny house on wheels .. not a "structure" but a sleeping-barrow. example: [[2]]
• Inflatable structures... custom made or purchased .. dead air space can provide insulation .. flexible, not rigid structures, may avoid troubles with authorities, can be combined with other ideas, such as wheeled platforms.

Heat and Fire Solutions

• DO NOT let trash build up! Especially paper, cardboard (i.e. signs), fabric.
• NO SMOKING NEAR COMBUSTIBLES.
• Heat: "catalytic propane heaters" do NOT have open flames and provide heat. I think the fire department warned against open flames. Well catalytic may be our answer.
• Carbon monoxide detectors are cheap and will protect against CO poisoning. This will satisfy the fire department, and will prevent any of us from dying, both of which are good.

Safety

• Where will all the snow go?
• Removing snow from gravel path could be special challenge; not so easy to shovel.
• Paths made of pallets and plywood will probably be slippery. What can we use instead of wooden surfaces?

Resources

Please update this with URLs as appropriate

• Winter guide for Occupiers - currently a very rough draft, will be used to get information out to all campers
• A updatable table showing strategies, action items, and donations needed for winterizing the encampment, based on Pan Golin's research
• Government surplus - auction sites. Use our funds to acquire lots of tents this way. http://www.govliquidation.com/
• Donations - ask for items with NSN numbers
• Hilton's Tent City. Visit in person to see what they have:http://www.hiltonstentcity.com/store.htm

• F.M. 31-70 In PDF form http://www.mantecausd.net/LHS/JROTC/fm31_70_coldwxman.pdf

Meeting Minutes

• Oct 31
• Oct 27
• Oct 25

Foam Sheets

Rigid board foam could be good to have between sleeping (or sitting) people and the ground.

Insulation Comparison

Foam Name	R-value/inch	absorbs water?	insulates when wet?	flamable?	edible by rats / bugs?	edible by mold?	Description
EPS (Expanded Polystyrene)	4--5	some	??	Y	Y	N	White beadboard, looks like rigid packaging foam
XPS (Extruded Polystyrene)	5	N	Y	Y	Y	N	Smooth, blue pink or other colors depending on manufacturer
PIR (polyisocyanurate)	6	lots	??	firerated available	Y	N	pale yellow, with facers usually of aluminum foil

Further Links & Ideas

Shelter

• Simple idea: http://archrecord.construction.com/news/daily/archives/2010/100511shigeru_ban_shelters/slide.asp?slide=5
• Hoop House: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=glp4LgOWtCo
• Mobile Tent: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LH7V3f7tbko%7C+%7Camp%7C+%7Cfeature=share
• Bike pullable expanding shelter: http://Bike%20pullable%20expanding%20shelter
• Collapsible Tent: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-Gb6y6ikiTE%7C+%7Camp%7C+%7Cfeature=related
• Bike Pullable Hard Tent http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uAa56PpGoRY%7C+%7Camp%7C+%7Cfeature=related
• Bike House/Cart: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uyn8J8-q8EM
• Hydroponic Tent http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yra0g5uOXhQ%7C+%7Camp%7C+%7Cfeature=related
• Hexayurt[3]
• Improvised yurts like the Gertee tend to be warm, temporary, and able to take both wind and snow load. The Gertee model is an excellent option for building a couple of largish common areas that people can go to who are in real distress from cold, or for having meetings, or maybe building four or five of them to try to house as many people as possible during the worst weather. Without fires or power, your best bet will be to get a lot of people in them at once. 
• Greenhouse: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8ODRUvok0XE
• Thermal Mass Green House http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Br6QCS5VGA

Hot Food and Beverage

• Coffee Cart http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRUZnIKNL54
• Soup Cart Carafe that can be pulled by a bike: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qRUZnIKNL54
• City Food http://www.growmycitygreen.com/

Materials

• Fireproofing with Alum http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QFnKZqHimaU
• Small scale prototype for Large Aramid Resin Embedded Mesh Umbrellas http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HDqCG2bUFIQ%7C+%7Camp%7C+%7Cfeature=relmfu
• Cheap Solar: At Harbor Freight
• PolyCarbonate Sheet Source
• Embedded Aramind Rope With Epoxy to make trusses. Source
• Stronger than steel rope: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GDJ3QjvRZT0

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Based on: Winterization at wikispaces

Prices/links (sorry don't know where to put this):

rddusa.com GP tent 16x32' = $980

Armytents.com GP 16x32 = 795

(have more places to check prices up and will put hose up soon if they are better)

hqcompany.com Boots = 30

gr8gear.com Boots = 20

Amazon.com Poly pro bottom = 17+ pp top = 17+ Mil Sleep system= 108+

majorsurplus.com mummy bag= 40 bivy cover= 60 thermal t+b= 22 tent 17' 10 person= 500 18x32= 800

ebay Mil sleep system= 80+

campmore.com Eureka wild basin 0 degree bag= 60

Military iso mat (sleeping mat)= 10 (available at many places at that price)

I put similar items at various prices because we may not be able to get the full amount we need from one site. I'll look into the links John posted tomorrow.