Private Web Search Tools
"Duck Duck Go" Allows searching without tracking
https://www.torproject.org/ - A configured browser bundle that lets you browse anonymously, be sure to read the documentation to understand its limits and how to maintain your anonimity while using it.
https://tails.boum.org/ - Tails is an entire Linux OS that has Tor as its included browser. This OS can be loaded on a USB drive and used on any computer. Is a way of being even more anonymous then just Tor itself. Again, important to read all documentation.
http://proxy.org/ - Page detailing what a Proxy is, different types, why they are helpful. Good start to seeing why you may want to use one, and what it is useful for. There are a lot of providers, free and pay, in the US and in other countries, generally ones that you pay for and are located in countries with laws that protect the user are the best.
https://startpage.com/ An EU search engine. They don't record IP addresses.
http://noscript.net/ Noscript is a firefox extension. It allows you to choose which sites can run javascript in your browser, and gives you the option of selectively blocking flash applications.
http://www.stardrifter.org/refcontrol/ Refcontrol is another Firefox plugin. Refcontrol allows you to suppress the HTTP Refer header, which is a significant form of information leakage.